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Compare Niger (2001) - Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2002)
Compare Niger (2001) z Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2002)
| Niger (2001) | Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2002) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 7 departments (departements, singular - departement), and 1 capital district* (capitale district); Agadez, Diffa, Dosso, Maradi, Niamey*, Tahoua, Tillaberi, Zinder | none (territorial collectivity of France); note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are two communes - Saint Pierre, Miquelon at the second order |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
47.97% (male 2,528,484; female 2,439,051) 15-64 years: 49.75% (male 2,518,400; female 2,633,677) 65 years and over: 2.28% (male 123,589; female 111,955) (2001 est.) |
0-14 years: 25.4% (male 904; female 864)
15-64 years: 64.4% (male 2,288; female 2,193) 65 years and over: 10.2% (male 303; female 402) (2002 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | cowpeas, cotton, peanuts, millet, sorghum, cassava (tapioca), rice; cattle, sheep, goats, camels, donkeys, horses, poultry | vegetables; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish |
| Airports | 27 (2000 est.) | 2 (2001) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
9 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 6 under 914 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
total: 2
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total:
18 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 15 under 914 m: 2 (2000 est.) |
- |
| Area | total:
1.267 million sq km land: 1,266,700 sq km water: 300 sq km |
total: 242 sq km
land: 242 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups |
| Area - comparative | slightly less than twice the size of Texas | 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | Not until 1993, 33 years after independence from France, did Niger hold its first free and open elections. A 1995 peace accord ended a five-year Tuareg insurgency in the north. Coups in 1996 and 1999 were followed by the creation of a National Reconciliation Council that effected a transition to civilian rule in December 1999. | First settled by the French in the early 17th century, the islands represent the sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions. |
| Birth rate | 50.68 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 14.96 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Budget | revenues:
$377 million, including $146 million from foreign sources expenditures: $377 million, including capital expenditures of $105 million (1999 est.) |
revenues: $70 million
expenditures: $60 million, including capital expenditures of $24 million |
| Capital | Niamey | Saint-Pierre |
| Climate | desert; mostly hot, dry, dusty; tropical in extreme south | cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy |
| Coastline | 0 km (landlocked) | 120 km |
| Constitution | the constitution of January 1993 was revised by national referendum on 12 May 1996 and again by referendum on 18 July 1999 | 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) |
| Country name | conventional long form:
Republic of Niger conventional short form: Niger local long form: Republique du Niger local short form: Niger |
conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon
conventional short form: Saint Pierre and Miquelon local long form: Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon local short form: Saint-Pierre et Miquelon |
| Currency | Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States | euro (EUR); French franc (FRF) |
| Death rate | 22.71 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 6.61 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Debt - external | $1.3 billion (1999 est.) | $NA |
| Dependency status | - | self-governing territorial collectivity of France |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador Charles O. CECIL embassy: Rue Des Ambassades, Niamey mailing address: B. P. 11201, Niamey telephone: [227] 72 26 61 through 72 26 64 FAX: [227] 73 31 67 |
none (territorial collectivity of France) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador Joseph DIATTA chancery: 2204 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 483-4224 through 4227 |
none (territorial collectivity of France) |
| Disputes - international | Libya claims about 19,400 sq km in northern Niger; delimitation of international boundaries in the vicinity of Lake Chad, the lack of which led to border incidents in the past, has been completed and awaits ratification by Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $341 million (1997)
note: the IMF approved a $73 million poverty reduction and growth facility for Niger in 2000 and announced $115 million in debt relief under the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) initiative |
approximately $60 million in annual grants from France |
| Economy - overview | Niger is a poor, landlocked Sub-Saharan nation, whose economy centers on subsistence agriculture, animal husbandry, reexport trade, and increasingly less on uranium, because of declining world demand. The 50% devaluation of the West African franc in January 1994 boosted exports of livestock, cowpeas, onions, and the products of Niger's small cotton industry. The government relies on bilateral and multilateral aid - which was suspended following the April 1999 coup d'etat - for operating expenses and public investment. In 2000, the World Bank approved a structural adjustment loan of $35 million to help support fiscal reforms. However, reforms could prove difficult given the government's bleak financial situation. | The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because of disputes with Canada over fishing quotas and a steady decline in the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre. In 1992, an arbitration panel awarded the islands an exclusive economic zone of 12,348 sq km to settle a longstanding territorial dispute with Canada, although it represents only 25% of what France had sought. The islands are heavily subsidized by France to the great betterment of living standards. The government hopes an expansion of tourism will boost economic prospects. Recent test drilling for oil may pave the way for development of the energy sector. |
| Electricity - consumption | 401 million kWh (1999) | 38.13 million kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (1999) | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - imports | 215 million kWh (1999) | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production | 200 million kWh (1999) | 41 million kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Niger River 200 m highest point: Mont Greboun 1,944 m |
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m |
| Environment - current issues | overgrazing; soil erosion; deforestation; desertification; wildlife populations (such as elephant, hippopotamus, giraffe, and lion) threatened because of poaching and habitat destruction | recent test drilling for oil in waters around Saint Pierre and Miquelon may bring future development that would impact the environment |
| Environment - international agreements | party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Law of the Sea |
- |
| Ethnic groups | Hausa 56%, Djerma 22%, Fula 8.5%, Tuareg 8%, Beri Beri (Kanouri) 4.3%, Arab, Toubou, and Gourmantche 1.2%, about 1,200 French expatriates | Basques and Bretons (French fishermen) |
| Exchange rates | Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 699.21 (January 2001), 711.98 (2000), 615.70 (1999), 589.95 (1998), 583.67 (1997), 511.55 (1996); note - from 1 January 1999, the XOF is pegged to the euro at a rate of 655.957 XOF per euro | euros per US dollar - 1.06594 (January 2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.93863 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997) |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
President Mamadou TANDJA (since 22 December 1999); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government head of government: President Mamadou TANDJA (since 22 December 1999); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government; Prime Minister Hama AMADOU (since 31 December 1999) was appointed by the president and shares some executive responsibilities with the president note: President Ibrahim BARE was assassinated on 9 April 1999; subsequent elections were held under the nine-month provisional government of Major Daouda Mallam WANKE cabinet: 23-member cabinet appointed by President TANDJA elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; last held 24 November 1999 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: Mamadou TANDJA elected president; percent of vote - Mamadou TANDJA 59.9%, Mahamadou ISSOUFOU 40.1% |
chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Claude VALLEIX (since 9 October 2002)
head of government: President of the General Council Marc PLANTAGENEST (since NA) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held, first round - 21 April 2002, second round - 5 May 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the General Council is elected by the members of the council |
| Exports | $385 million (f.o.b., 1999) | $12 million f.o.b. (1999) |
| Exports - commodities | uranium ore 65%, livestock products, cowpeas, onions (1998 est.) | fish and fish products, soybeans, animal feed, mollusks and crustaceans, fox and mink pelts |
| Exports - partners | France 45%, Nigeria 27%, UK 11% (1999) | US 43%, Egypt 14%, Japan 11%, Colombia 8% (1999) |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | calendar year |
| Flag description | three equal horizontal bands of orange (top), white, and green with a small orange disk (representing the sun) centered in the white band; similar to the flag of India, which has a blue spoked wheel centered in the white band | a yellow sailing ship facing the hoist side rides on a dark blue background with a black wave line under the ship; on the hoist side, a vertical band is divided into three parts: the top part is red with a green diagonal cross extending to the corners overlaid by a white cross dividing the square into four sections; the middle part has a white background with an ermine pattern; the third part has a red background with two stylized yellow lions outlined in black, one on top of the other; the flag of France is used for official occasions |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $10 billion (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $74 million (1996 est.); supplemented by annual payments from France of about $60 million (1996 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
40% industry: 18% services: 42% (1998) |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $1,000 (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $11,000 (1996 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 3.5% (2000 est.) | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 16 00 N, 8 00 E | 46 50 N, 56 20 W |
| Geography - note | landlocked | vegetation scanty |
| Highways | total:
10,100 km paved: 798 km unpaved: 9,302 km (1996) |
total: 114 km
paved: 69 km unpaved: 45 km (1994 est.) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
0.8% highest 10%: 35.4% (1995) |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | $317 million (f.o.b., 1999) | $55 million f.o.b. (1999) |
| Imports - commodities | consumer goods, primary materials, machinery, vehicles and parts, petroleum, cereals | meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials |
| Imports - partners | France 22%, Cote d'Ivoire 15%, Nigeria 8%, US 3% (1999) | France 44%, Canada 40% (1999) |
| Independence | 3 August 1958 (from France) | none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Industries | uranium mining, cement, brick, textiles, food processing, chemicals, slaughterhouses | fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism |
| Infant mortality rate | 123.57 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) | 8.18 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 2.8% (2000 est.) | 2.1% (1991-96 average) |
| International organization participation | ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ITU, MIPONUH, MONUC, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WADB, WAEMU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO | FZ, WFTU |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | 1 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | 660 sq km (1993 est.) | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | State Court or Cour d'Etat; Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel | Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel |
| Labor force | 70,000 receive regular wages or salaries | 3,000 (1997) (1997) |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture 90%, industry and commerce 6%, government 4% | fishing 18%, industry (mainly fish-processing) 41%, services 41% (1996 est.) |
| Land boundaries | total:
5,697 km border countries: Algeria 956 km, Benin 266 km, Burkina Faso 628 km, Chad 1,175 km, Libya 354 km, Mali 821 km, Nigeria 1,497 km |
0 km |
| Land use | arable land:
3% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 7% forests and woodland: 2% other: 88% (1993 est.) |
arable land: 13.04%
permanent crops: 0% other: 86.96% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | French (official), Hausa, Djerma | French (official) |
| Legal system | based on French civil law system and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction | French law with special adaptations for local conditions, such as housing and taxation |
| Legislative branch | unicameral National Assembly (83 seats, members elected by popular vote for five-year terms)
elections: last held 24 November 1999 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - MNSD-Nassara 38, CDS-Rahama 17, PNDS-Tarayya 16, RDP-Jama'a 8, ANDPS-Zaman Lahiya 4 |
unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats - 15 from Saint Pierre and 4 from Miquelon; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)
elections: elections last held 19 and 26 March 2000 (next to be held NA April 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PS 12, PRG 2, UDF-RPR 5 note: Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 1995 (next to be held NA September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPR 1; Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects 1 seat to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UDF 1 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
41.59 years male: 41.74 years female: 41.44 years (2001 est.) |
total population: 77.93 years
male: 75.66 years female: 80.32 years (2002 est.) |
| Literacy | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 13.6% male: 20.9% female: 6.6% (1995 est.) |
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (1982 est.) |
| Location | Western Africa, southeast of Algeria | Northern North America, islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada) |
| Map references | Africa | North America |
| Maritime claims | none (landlocked) | exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | - | none (2002 est.) |
| Military - note | - | defense is the responsibility of France |
| Military branches | Army, Air Force, National Gendarmerie, Republican Guard, National Police | - |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $20 million (FY96) | - |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | 1.1% (FY96) | - |
| Military manpower - availability | males age 15-49:
2,202,608 (2001 est.) |
- |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | males age 15-49:
1,190,787 (2001 est.) |
- |
| Military manpower - military age | 18 years of age | - |
| Military manpower - reaching military age annually | males:
108,993 (2001 est.) |
- |
| National holiday | Republic Day, 18 December (1958) | Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) |
| Nationality | noun:
Nigerien(s) adjective: Nigerien |
noun: Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women)
adjective: French |
| Natural hazards | recurring droughts | persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard |
| Natural resources | uranium, coal, iron ore, tin, phosphates, gold, petroleum | fish, deepwater ports |
| Net migration rate | -0.73 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) | -4.89 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | Democratic Rally of the People-Jama'a or RDP-Jama'a [Hamid ALGABID]; Democratic and Social Convention-Rahama or CDS-Rahama [Mahamane OUSMANE]; National Movement for a Developing Society-Nassara or MNSD-Nassara [Mamadou TANDJA, chairman]; Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Social Progress-Zaman Lahiya or ANDPS-Zaman Lahiya [Moumouni Adamou DJERMAKOYE]; Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism-Tarayya or PNDS-Tarayya [Mahamadou ISSOUFOU]; Union of Democratic Patriots and Progressives-Chamoua or UPDP-Chamoua [Professor Andre' SALIFOU, chairman] | PRG [leader NA]; Rassemblement pour la Republique or RPR [leader NA]; Socialist Party or PS [leader NA]; Union pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF [leader NA] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | NA |
| Population | 10,355,156 (July 2001 est.) | 6,954 (July 2002 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | 63% (1993 est.) | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 2.72% (2001 est.) | 0.35% (2002 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | none | Saint Pierre |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 5, FM 5, shortwave 4 (1998) | AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | 680,000 (1997) | 4,000 (1997) |
| Railways | 0 km | 0 km |
| Religions | Muslim 80%, remainder indigenous beliefs and Christians | Roman Catholic 99% |
| Sex ratio | at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.1 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
small system of wire, radio telephone communications, and microwave radio relay links concentrated in the southwestern area of Niger domestic: wire, radiotelephone communications, and microwave radio relay; domestic satellite system with 3 earth stations and 1 planned international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) |
general assessment: adequate
domestic: NA international: radiotelephone communication with most countries in the world; 1 earth station in French domestic satellite system |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 16,000 (1997) | 4,000 (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 13,000 (1995) | 0 (1994) |
| Television broadcast stations | 10 (plus seven low-power repeaters) (1997) | 0 (there are, however, two repeaters which rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and the US) (1997) |
| Terrain | predominately desert plains and sand dunes; flat to rolling plains in south; hills in north | mostly barren rock |
| Total fertility rate | 7.08 children born/woman (2001 est.) | 2.1 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | NA% | 9.8% (1997) (1997) |
| Waterways | 300 km
note: the Niger River is navigable from Niamey to Gaya on the Benin frontier from mid-December through March |
none |
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